import os
import ast
from typing import List, Optional
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
import orjson

# --- Pydantic V2 Models for Data Validation ---

class ConnectionLeakIssue(BaseModel):
    file_path: str = Field(..., description="Path to the analyzed file")
    line_number: int = Field(..., description="Line number where the issue was detected")
    message: str = Field(..., description="Detailed description of the detected issue")
    severity: str = Field(..., description="Severity level (WARNING / ERROR)")

class AnalysisReport(BaseModel):
    total_files_scanned: int = Field(..., description="Total number of files scanned")
    issues_found: List[ConnectionLeakIssue] = Field(
        default_factory=list,
        description="List of potential connection leak locations detected"
    )


# --- SQLAlchemy Connection Pool Leak Static Analyzer ---

class SQLAlchemyLeakDetector(ast.NodeVisitor):
    """
    Static analyzer that detects SQLAlchemy sessions not properly closed
    via a try-finally block or a context manager (with statement).
    """
    def __init__(self, file_path: str):
        self.file_path = file_path
        self.issues: List[ConnectionLeakIssue] = []

    def visit_FunctionDef(self, node: ast.FunctionDef):
        has_session_creation = False
        has_try_finally = False
        has_context_manager = False
        session_var_name = None
        session_line = 0

        for child in ast.walk(node):
            # Detect assignments such as: session = Session() or db = SessionLocal()
            if isinstance(child, ast.Assign):
                for target in child.targets:
                    if isinstance(target, ast.Name) and any(kw in target.id.lower() for kw in ["session", "db"]):
                        if isinstance(child.value, ast.Call):
                            has_session_creation = True
                            session_var_name = target.id
                            session_line = child.lineno

            # Verify presence of a try-finally block calling close()
            if isinstance(child, ast.Try):
                if child.finalbody:
                    for final_child in ast.walk(ast.Module(body=child.finalbody, type_ignores=[])):
                        if isinstance(final_child, ast.Call) and isinstance(final_child.func, ast.Attribute):
                            if final_child.func.attr == "close":
                                has_try_finally = True

            # Verify presence of a context manager (with statement)
            if isinstance(child, ast.With):
                for item in child.items:
                    if isinstance(item.context_expr, ast.Call):
                        has_context_manager = True

        if has_session_creation and not has_try_finally and not has_context_manager:
            self.issues.append(
                ConnectionLeakIssue(
                    file_path=self.file_path,
                    line_number=session_line,
                    message=(
                        f"Variable '{session_var_name}' is instantiated without lifecycle "
                        f"management via try-finally or a context manager (with). "
                        f"This can lead to connection pool exhaustion."
                    ),
                    severity="ERROR"
                )
            )

        self.generic_visit(node)


def analyze_source_code(file_path: str, source_code: str) -> List[ConnectionLeakIssue]:
    """Parse the given source code string and run static analysis."""
    try:
        tree = ast.parse(source_code, filename=file_path)
    except SyntaxError as e:
        return [
            ConnectionLeakIssue(
                file_path=file_path,
                line_number=e.lineno or 0,
                message=f"Failed to parse due to syntax error: {e.msg}",
                severity="WARNING"
            )
        ]

    detector = SQLAlchemyLeakDetector(file_path)
    detector.visit(tree)
    return detector.issues


# --- Demonstration of Execution and orjson Serialization ---

if __name__ == "__main__":
    vulnerable_code = """
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker

SessionLocal = sessionmaker(bind=some_engine)

def bad_query_handler():
    db = SessionLocal()
    user = db.query(User).filter_by(id=1).first()
    return user
"""

    safe_code = """
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker

SessionLocal = sessionmaker(bind=some_engine)

def good_query_handler():
    with SessionLocal() as db:
        user = db.query(User).filter_by(id=1).first()
        return user
"""

    detected_issues = []
    detected_issues.extend(analyze_source_code("vulnerable_app.py", vulnerable_code))
    detected_issues.extend(analyze_source_code("safe_app.py", safe_code))

    report = AnalysisReport(
        total_files_scanned=2,
        issues_found=detected_issues
    )

    json_output = orjson.dumps(
        report.model_dump(),
        option=orjson.OPT_INDENT_2 | orjson.OPT_NON_STR_KEYS
    )

    print(json_output.decode("utf-8"))

{
  "total_files_scanned": 2,
  "issues_found": [
    {
      "file_path": "vulnerable_app.py",
      "line_number": 6,
      "message": "Variable 'db' is instantiated without lifecycle management via try-finally or a context manager (with). This can lead to connection pool exhaustion.",
      "severity": "ERROR"
    }
  ]
}

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